ఆంగ్ల భాషలో అత్యంత ఎక్కువగా ఉపయోగించే క్రియా పదాలు తెలుసుకోండి. ఇంగ్లీష్ మాట్లాడటంలో కీలక భూమిక పోషించే వీటిని ప్రతిఒక్కరు తప్పక నేర్చుకుని తీరాలి. కర్త యొక్క చర్య (యాక్షన్) లేదా స్థితిని (స్టేట్) తెలియజెప్పే బాషా భాగాన్ని Verb (క్రియ) అని అంటారు. అంటే సబ్జెక్టులో ఉండే Noun లేదా Pronoun చేసే పని లేదా స్థితి గురించి వెర్బ్ మనకు తెలియపరుస్తుంది. బాషా ఏదైనా అది క్రియ ఆధారితంగానే నిర్మితమౌతుంది.
క్రియ (Verb) subject లో ఉండే Noun or Pronoun లేదా ఇతర ఫాక్టర్స్ వలన ఎన్నో రకాలుగా ఉన్నప్పటికీ, మనకు ఎక్కువ ఉపయోగపడే మూడు రకాల క్రియల గురించి నేర్చుకుందాం.
- Action or Main verbs (which can be transitive or intransitive)
- Linking verbs (collectively known as subject complements)
- Helping verbs (sometimes called auxiliary verbs).
ప్రధాన క్రియలు మూడు ప్రాథమిక రూపాలను కలిగి ఉంటాయి. ఈ క్రియ రూపాలను సరళంగా V1, V2, V3 గా పిలుస్తారు. V1 అనేది బేసిక్ క్రియారూపం (ప్రెసెంట్ సింపుల్) లో ఉంటుంది, అలానే V2 అనేది పాస్ట్ సింపుల్ మరియు V3 అనేది పాస్ట్ పార్టిసిపుల్ రూపంలో ఉంటుంది.
V1 Base Form | V2 Past Simple | V3 Past Participle |
---|---|---|
awake | awoke | awoken |
be | was, were | been |
beat | beat | beaten |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bet | bet | bet |
bid | bid | bid |
bite | bit | bitten |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast | broadcast |
build | built | built |
burn | burned or burnt | burned or burnt |
buy | boughtt | bough |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamed or dreamt | dreamed or dreamt |
drive | drove | driven |
drink | drank | drunk |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feel | felt | felt |
fightt | fought | fough |
find | found | found |
fly | flew | flown |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | got (sometimes gotten) |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung | hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hide | hid | hidden |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
learn | learned or learnt | learned or learnt |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
pay | paid | paid |
put | put | put |
read | read | read |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
show | showed | showed or shown |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
sleep | slept | slept |
speak | spoke | spoken |
spend | spent | spent |
stand | stood | stood |
stink | stank | stunk |
swim | swam | swum |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | throw |
understand | understood | understood |
wake | woke | woken |
wear | wore | worn |
win | won | won |
write | wrote | written |
మరి కొన్ని క్రియా పదాలు
A | accept, add, admire, admit, advise, afford, agree, alert, allow, amuse, analyse, analyze, announce, annoy. | answer, apologise, appear, applaud, appreciate, approve, argue, arrange, arrest, arrive, ask, attach, attack, attempt, attend, attract, avoid. |
---|---|---|
B | back, bake, balance, ban, bang, bare, bat, bathe, battle, beam, beg, behave, belong, bleach, bless, blind, blink, blot, blush, boast, boil. | bolt, bomb, book, bore, borrow, bounce, bow, box, brake, branch, breathe, bruise, brush, bubble, bump, burn, bury, buzz. |
C | calculate, call, camp, care, carry, carve, cause, challenge, change, charge, chase, cheat, check, cheer, chew, choke, chop, claim, clap, clean, clear, clip, close, coach, coil, collect, colour, comb, command, communicate. | compare, compete, complain, complete, concentrate, concern, confess, confuse, connect, consider, consist, contain, continue, copy, correct, cough, count, cover, crack, crash, crawl, cross, crush, cry, cure, curl, curve, cycle. |
D | dam, damage, dance, dare, decay, deceive, decide, decorate, delay, delight, deliver, depend, describe, desert, deserve, destroy, detect, develop. | disagree, disappear, disapprove, disarm, discover, dislike, divide, double, doubt, drag, drain, dream, dress, drip, drop, drown, drum, dry, dust. |
E | earn, educate, embarrass, employ, empty, encourage, end, enjoy, enter, entertain, | escape, examine, excite, excuse, exercise, exist, expand, expect, explain, explode, extend. |
F | face, fade, fail, fancy, fasten, fax, fear, fence, fetch, file, fill, film, fire. | fit, fix, flap, flash, float, flood, flow, flower, fold, follow, fool, force, form, found, frame, frighten, fry. |
G | gather, gaze, glow, glue, grab, grate, grease, greet. | grin, grip, groan, guarantee, guard, guess, guide. |
H | hammer, hand, handle, hang, happen, harass, harm, hate, haunt, head, heal. | heap, heat, help, hook, hop, hope, hover, hug, hum, hunt, hurry. |
I | identify, ignore, imagine, impress, improve, include, increase, influence. | inform, inject, injure, instruct, intend, interest, interfere, interrupt, introduce, invent, invite, irritate, itch. |
J | jail, jam, jog, join, joke. | judge, juggle, jump. |
---|---|---|
K | kick, kill, kiss, kneel. | knit, knock, knot. |
L | label, land, last, laugh, launch, learn, level, license, look love. | lick, lie, lighten, like, list, listen, live, load, lock, long. |
M | man, manage, march, mark, marry, match, mate, matter, measure, meddle, melt, memorise, mend. | mess, up, milk, mine, miss, mix, moan, moor, mourn, move, muddle, mug, multiply, murder. |
N | nail, name, need, nest. | nod, note, notice, number. |
O | obey, object, observe, obtain, occur. | offend, offer, open, order, overflow, owe, own. |
P | pack, paddle, paint, park, part, pass, paste, pat, pause, peck, pedal, peel, peep, perform, permit, phone, pick, pinch, pine, place, plan, plant, play, please, plug, point, poke, polish, pop, possess, post. | pour, practise, practice, pray, preach, precede, prefer, prepare, present, preserve, press, pretend, prevent, prick, print, produce, program, promise, protect, provide, pull, pump, punch, puncture, punish, push. |
Q | question. | queue. |
R | race, radiate, rain, raise, reach, realise, receive, recognise, record, reduce, reflect, refuse, regret, reign, reject, rejoice, relax, release, rely, remain. | remember, remind, remove, repair, repeat, replace, reply, report, reproduce, request, rescue, retire, return, rhyme, rinse, risk, rob, rock, roll, rot, rub, ruin, rule, rush. |
S | sack, sail, satisfy, save, saw, scare, scatter, scold, scorch, scrape, scratch, scream, screw, scribble, scrub, seal, search, separate, serve, settle, shade, share, shave, shelter, shiver, shock, shop, shrug, sigh, sign, signal, sin, sip, ski, skip, slap, slip, slow, smash, smell, smile, smoke, snatch, sneeze, sniff, snore, snow, soak, soothe, sound, spare. | spark, sparkle, spell, spill, spoil, spot, spray, sprout, squash, squeak, squeal, squeeze, stain, stamp, stare, start, stay, steer, step, stir, stitch, stop, store, strap, strengthen, stretch, strip, stroke, stuff, subtract, succeed, suck, suffer, suggest, suit, supply, support, suppose, surprise, surround, suspect, suspend, switch. |
T | talk, tame, tap, taste, tease, telephone, tempt, terrify, test, thank, thaw, tick, tickle, tie, time, tip, tire, touch, tour, tow, trace, trade. | train, transport, trap, travel, treat, tremble, trick, trip, trot, trouble, trust, try, tug, tumble, turn, twist, type. |
U | undress, unfasten, unite. | unlock, unpack, untidy, use. |
V | vanish. | visit. |
W | wail, wait, walk, wander, want, warm, warn, wash, waste, watch, water, wave, weigh, welcome, whine, whip, whirl. | whisper, whistle, wink, wipe, wish, wobble, wonder, work, worry, wrap, wreck, wrestle, wriggle. |
X | x-ray. | |
Y | yawn. | yell. |
Z | zip. | zoom. |